There are questions on the value of top-down or bottom-up approaches. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The challenge for policy makers and governments is how to stimulate the development of intelligent collaborative planning processes given digitalization, the fast pace of technological change, global warming and accelerating sustainable development needs on one hand, and the reticence to organizational change and change in our individual lives in the other. For example, the question of waste requires action on several fronts-more citizens, businesses and organizations involved in designing and implementing a holistic ecosystem. The OECD Revenue Statistics show that Canadian municipalities generally receive 9.2 percent of tax dollars.Īside from revenue distribution, eliminating silos in favour of a collaborative governance model with shared responsibility would help. Yet power and revenue distribution make it difficult for communities to solve their own problems. "In the course of history, our towns have existed within and outlasted empires, nation states, and regimes and have survived as centres of social life, carriers of our economies, and guardians of culture, heritage and tradition… Towns have been the centres of industry, craft, trade, education and government… sustainable human life on this globe cannot be achieved without sustainable local communities." The 1994 European Cities and Town Charter on Sustainability says it well: Sustainable development goals such as in health, housing, education, energy, hunger and happiness have always been urban issues.
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